Keratoconus is an eye condition characterized by a poorly shaped cornea. The cornea is the clear eye surface that is vital for vision. In some cases, the cornea thins and bulges out, creating a cone shape that can lead to blurry vision. The condition can cause sensitivity to glare and light that usually affects both eyes. 

Understanding Keratoconus 

Collagen, or small protein fibers, hold the cornea in place. In some cases, the fibers weaken, causing complications as they cannot hold the cornea. Keratoconus occurs when the cornea thins and bulges outward, worsening over time. 

As the cornea changes shape, the smooth surface can become wavy, a condition known as irregular astigmatism. As the cornea expands, the patient can become more nearsighted, and the vision becomes blurry. 

Symptoms of Keratoconus 

Several symptoms can indicate that a person has keratoconus. They include:

• Double vision, which is usually worse when using one eye. 
• Near and distant objects appear blurry.
• Blurry or distorted vision, especially when driving.
• Halos around bright lights.
• Light streaks in the vision. 
• Sudden cloudy or worsening vision. 

It is essential to visit an eye doctor if you experience any of the symptoms. If you require frequent changes in prescription, you need to consult your doctor. 

Causes of Keratoconus 

There is no clear cause for keratoconus, but most experts believe the condition is often present at birth. Several factors can contribute to the condition. They include age, race, a family history of the condition, and certain health disorders. Inflammation from asthma or allergies and eye rubbing can worsen the condition. 

Keratoconus and Vision Damage 

If not treated, keratoconus can damage vision over time. The cornea cannot focus without corrective lenses, which often causes severe vision loss. The doctor may recommend a corneal transplant if the vision is affected significantly. People with keratoconus cannot get eye surgery, such as LASIK, which can weaken the cornea, worsening vision. 

Diagnosing Keratoconus 

Eye doctors conduct comprehensive eye exams to determine if the patient has vision issues that can indicate keratoconus. The diagnostic tests include eye refraction, computerized corneal mapping, a slit-lamp exam, and keratometry. The doctor will recommend the best treatment plan if the tests detect the condition. 

Is Keratoconus Curable?

Keratoconus has no cure, but it is possible to manage it effectively. The best treatment will depend on the condition's severity and the progression speed. The goal of treatment is to slow its progression and improve vision. The options include specialty contact lenses such as soft, rigid, gas-permeable, hybrid, and scleral lenses. An experienced optometrist will help fit the contacts for the best results. Other treatment options are corneal collagen cross-linking and cornea surgery.

Keratoconus is a lifelong disease but can be managed successfully. The treatments are tailored to suit each patient's needs. The earlier the condition is diagnosed, the earlier you can get treatment. Mild or moderate keratoconus is usually treated with contact lenses, while advanced keratoconus is treated using corneal cross-linking. Eye surgeons recommend a corneal transplant for severe keratoconus. 

For more about keratoconus, visit Premier Eye Care at our Fort Worth, Texas, office. Call (817) 428-2020 to schedule an appointment today.